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Cyaxares
Cyaxares or Hvakhshathra ( ''Uvaxštra'', ; r. 625–585 BC), the son of King Phraortes, and according to Herodotus was the third and most capable king of Media. According to Herodotus, Cyaxares, grandson of Deioces, had a far greater military reputation than his father or grandfather. He was the first to divide his troops into separate sections of spearmen, archers, and horsemen.
By uniting the Iranian tribes of Ancient Iran and conquering neighbouring territories, Cyaxares built the Median Empire into a regional power.〔http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/147792/Cyaxares〕 He facilitated the fall of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, and according to Herodotus repelled the Scythians from Media.〔(Cyaxares ) (Livius.org)〕
==The rise of Cyaxares==
He was born in the Median capital of Ecbatana, his father Phraortes was killed in a battle against the Assyrians, led by Ashurbanipal, the king of Assyria. After Phraortes' demise, the Scythians overran Media. Cyaxares, seeking revenge, killed the Scythian leaders and proclaimed himself ''King of Medes''. After throwing off the Scythians, he prepared for war against Assyria. Cyaxares reorganized the Median army, then allied himself with King Nabopolassar of Babylonia, a mutual enemy of Assyria. This alliance was formalized through the marriage of Cyaxares' daughter, Amytis, to Nabopolassar's son, Nebuchadnezzar II. These allies overthrew the Assyrian Empire and destroyed Nineveh in 612 BC.
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